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Learning how to read schematics, questions about fractional voltage in schematic


How to deal with grounding and the capacitors in this opamp schematic?Learning SchematicsGround in an Active CircuitQuestions About SchematicWhat are the risks of running a floating ground through insulated wire underground?Using multiple NPN transistors with resistors from base to groundQuestions Regarding Symbols in a SchematicHow to read STM32F407xx Microcontroller Power Schematic?What is the purpose of wiring pins 2 and 3 of a potentiometer together?Does this schematic represent the fritzing circuit properly and can you explain how pulled low works in this IR sensor?






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1












$begingroup$


In a schematic I've been reviewing I see in only one spot that there is a 1/2v going somewhere? What does that mean?





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



enter image description here










share|improve this question









New contributor



greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The schematic you've laid out here doesn't make sense, because a ground symbol is what we consider to be 0 V so marking it with a voltage is contradictory. Could you provide a photo/screenshot of the original schematic rather than your redrawing? There might be some subtlety missing. Other context such as what the schematic is supposed to be a part of, or demonstrate, might also be useful. (But thanks for taking the time to do the embedded schematic — it's usually better than alternatives!)
    $endgroup$
    – Kevin Reid
    1 hour ago











  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid I've added the full schematic and highlighted the spots that the 1/2v shows up (it in two places actually)
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    58 mins ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @greyBow It just means, in this case, $4.5:textV$.
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    55 mins ago










  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid Oh okay, I see, so the 1M resistor brings it down to 4.5v? But then where would it go?
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    53 mins ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    :( that symbol choice was pretty bad (especially in addition with this ground symbol instead of 3 lines)
    $endgroup$
    – Wesley Lee
    35 mins ago

















1












$begingroup$


In a schematic I've been reviewing I see in only one spot that there is a 1/2v going somewhere? What does that mean?





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



enter image description here










share|improve this question









New contributor



greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The schematic you've laid out here doesn't make sense, because a ground symbol is what we consider to be 0 V so marking it with a voltage is contradictory. Could you provide a photo/screenshot of the original schematic rather than your redrawing? There might be some subtlety missing. Other context such as what the schematic is supposed to be a part of, or demonstrate, might also be useful. (But thanks for taking the time to do the embedded schematic — it's usually better than alternatives!)
    $endgroup$
    – Kevin Reid
    1 hour ago











  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid I've added the full schematic and highlighted the spots that the 1/2v shows up (it in two places actually)
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    58 mins ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @greyBow It just means, in this case, $4.5:textV$.
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    55 mins ago










  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid Oh okay, I see, so the 1M resistor brings it down to 4.5v? But then where would it go?
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    53 mins ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    :( that symbol choice was pretty bad (especially in addition with this ground symbol instead of 3 lines)
    $endgroup$
    – Wesley Lee
    35 mins ago













1












1








1





$begingroup$


In a schematic I've been reviewing I see in only one spot that there is a 1/2v going somewhere? What does that mean?





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



enter image description here










share|improve this question









New contributor



greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$




In a schematic I've been reviewing I see in only one spot that there is a 1/2v going somewhere? What does that mean?





schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



enter image description here







ground schematics






share|improve this question









New contributor



greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.










share|improve this question









New contributor



greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.








share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited 59 mins ago







greyBow













New contributor



greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.








asked 1 hour ago









greyBowgreyBow

1085




1085




New contributor



greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.




New contributor




greyBow is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The schematic you've laid out here doesn't make sense, because a ground symbol is what we consider to be 0 V so marking it with a voltage is contradictory. Could you provide a photo/screenshot of the original schematic rather than your redrawing? There might be some subtlety missing. Other context such as what the schematic is supposed to be a part of, or demonstrate, might also be useful. (But thanks for taking the time to do the embedded schematic — it's usually better than alternatives!)
    $endgroup$
    – Kevin Reid
    1 hour ago











  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid I've added the full schematic and highlighted the spots that the 1/2v shows up (it in two places actually)
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    58 mins ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @greyBow It just means, in this case, $4.5:textV$.
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    55 mins ago










  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid Oh okay, I see, so the 1M resistor brings it down to 4.5v? But then where would it go?
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    53 mins ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    :( that symbol choice was pretty bad (especially in addition with this ground symbol instead of 3 lines)
    $endgroup$
    – Wesley Lee
    35 mins ago












  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The schematic you've laid out here doesn't make sense, because a ground symbol is what we consider to be 0 V so marking it with a voltage is contradictory. Could you provide a photo/screenshot of the original schematic rather than your redrawing? There might be some subtlety missing. Other context such as what the schematic is supposed to be a part of, or demonstrate, might also be useful. (But thanks for taking the time to do the embedded schematic — it's usually better than alternatives!)
    $endgroup$
    – Kevin Reid
    1 hour ago











  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid I've added the full schematic and highlighted the spots that the 1/2v shows up (it in two places actually)
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    58 mins ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @greyBow It just means, in this case, $4.5:textV$.
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    55 mins ago










  • $begingroup$
    @KevinReid Oh okay, I see, so the 1M resistor brings it down to 4.5v? But then where would it go?
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    53 mins ago







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    :( that symbol choice was pretty bad (especially in addition with this ground symbol instead of 3 lines)
    $endgroup$
    – Wesley Lee
    35 mins ago







1




1




$begingroup$
The schematic you've laid out here doesn't make sense, because a ground symbol is what we consider to be 0 V so marking it with a voltage is contradictory. Could you provide a photo/screenshot of the original schematic rather than your redrawing? There might be some subtlety missing. Other context such as what the schematic is supposed to be a part of, or demonstrate, might also be useful. (But thanks for taking the time to do the embedded schematic — it's usually better than alternatives!)
$endgroup$
– Kevin Reid
1 hour ago





$begingroup$
The schematic you've laid out here doesn't make sense, because a ground symbol is what we consider to be 0 V so marking it with a voltage is contradictory. Could you provide a photo/screenshot of the original schematic rather than your redrawing? There might be some subtlety missing. Other context such as what the schematic is supposed to be a part of, or demonstrate, might also be useful. (But thanks for taking the time to do the embedded schematic — it's usually better than alternatives!)
$endgroup$
– Kevin Reid
1 hour ago













$begingroup$
@KevinReid I've added the full schematic and highlighted the spots that the 1/2v shows up (it in two places actually)
$endgroup$
– greyBow
58 mins ago




$begingroup$
@KevinReid I've added the full schematic and highlighted the spots that the 1/2v shows up (it in two places actually)
$endgroup$
– greyBow
58 mins ago




2




2




$begingroup$
@greyBow It just means, in this case, $4.5:textV$.
$endgroup$
– jonk
55 mins ago




$begingroup$
@greyBow It just means, in this case, $4.5:textV$.
$endgroup$
– jonk
55 mins ago












$begingroup$
@KevinReid Oh okay, I see, so the 1M resistor brings it down to 4.5v? But then where would it go?
$endgroup$
– greyBow
53 mins ago





$begingroup$
@KevinReid Oh okay, I see, so the 1M resistor brings it down to 4.5v? But then where would it go?
$endgroup$
– greyBow
53 mins ago





1




1




$begingroup$
:( that symbol choice was pretty bad (especially in addition with this ground symbol instead of 3 lines)
$endgroup$
– Wesley Lee
35 mins ago




$begingroup$
:( that symbol choice was pretty bad (especially in addition with this ground symbol instead of 3 lines)
$endgroup$
– Wesley Lee
35 mins ago










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















3












$begingroup$

Look at the top of R20 - that is labeled V and is the supply rail. (V is also connected to 9VDC which is the power input - see the DC connector and battery, towards the top left of the schematic.)



Therefore, as commented by jonk, the node at the junction of equal resistors R20 and R21 must be half of V hence 1/2V means exactly that.



Also, looking carefully, the arrow symbols labeled 1/2V are slightly smaller than the arrows which are the ground symbol. On the full schematic you can compare their size and see the difference - but otherwise, that choice of arrow by the designer could easily be confusing! As kindly pointed out by Kevin in the comments, that smaller arrow is being used here as the symbol for a named node.






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Might be worth pointing out that the same arrow symbol is used to connect "9VDC". So it's a general named node symbol.
    $endgroup$
    – Kevin Reid
    39 mins ago










  • $begingroup$
    Thank you for the explanation, so then does that mean that 1/2v coming off the junction between r20 and r21 would then connect to the 1/2v coming off of R2?
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    34 mins ago











  • $begingroup$
    @greyBow Yes. Those nets are tied together.
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    31 mins ago










  • $begingroup$
    @greyBow - Yes, exactly that. That "half the supply voltage" is being used to bias the gate of Q1 via R2.
    $endgroup$
    – SamGibson
    31 mins ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I see. Thank you SO much for the help, this has been extremely helpful. Many, many thanks!
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    30 mins ago


















3












$begingroup$

The down arrow below R2 in the original schematic is not a Ground symbol - it indicates "this point is connected to something that-a-way" - it connects to an upward-pointing arrow in the power supply section below. That point will be at half the 9 V power supply voltage due to R20 and R21. It provides an appropriate bias voltage for Q1.



Drawing a line to show the connection would make much more sense.



Edit: as @kevin pointed out, that narrow arrow symbol is used as a general named signal marker - all such arrows with the same name will be connected together.






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$













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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    3












    $begingroup$

    Look at the top of R20 - that is labeled V and is the supply rail. (V is also connected to 9VDC which is the power input - see the DC connector and battery, towards the top left of the schematic.)



    Therefore, as commented by jonk, the node at the junction of equal resistors R20 and R21 must be half of V hence 1/2V means exactly that.



    Also, looking carefully, the arrow symbols labeled 1/2V are slightly smaller than the arrows which are the ground symbol. On the full schematic you can compare their size and see the difference - but otherwise, that choice of arrow by the designer could easily be confusing! As kindly pointed out by Kevin in the comments, that smaller arrow is being used here as the symbol for a named node.






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Might be worth pointing out that the same arrow symbol is used to connect "9VDC". So it's a general named node symbol.
      $endgroup$
      – Kevin Reid
      39 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      Thank you for the explanation, so then does that mean that 1/2v coming off the junction between r20 and r21 would then connect to the 1/2v coming off of R2?
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      34 mins ago











    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow Yes. Those nets are tied together.
      $endgroup$
      – jonk
      31 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow - Yes, exactly that. That "half the supply voltage" is being used to bias the gate of Q1 via R2.
      $endgroup$
      – SamGibson
      31 mins ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I see. Thank you SO much for the help, this has been extremely helpful. Many, many thanks!
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      30 mins ago















    3












    $begingroup$

    Look at the top of R20 - that is labeled V and is the supply rail. (V is also connected to 9VDC which is the power input - see the DC connector and battery, towards the top left of the schematic.)



    Therefore, as commented by jonk, the node at the junction of equal resistors R20 and R21 must be half of V hence 1/2V means exactly that.



    Also, looking carefully, the arrow symbols labeled 1/2V are slightly smaller than the arrows which are the ground symbol. On the full schematic you can compare their size and see the difference - but otherwise, that choice of arrow by the designer could easily be confusing! As kindly pointed out by Kevin in the comments, that smaller arrow is being used here as the symbol for a named node.






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Might be worth pointing out that the same arrow symbol is used to connect "9VDC". So it's a general named node symbol.
      $endgroup$
      – Kevin Reid
      39 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      Thank you for the explanation, so then does that mean that 1/2v coming off the junction between r20 and r21 would then connect to the 1/2v coming off of R2?
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      34 mins ago











    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow Yes. Those nets are tied together.
      $endgroup$
      – jonk
      31 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow - Yes, exactly that. That "half the supply voltage" is being used to bias the gate of Q1 via R2.
      $endgroup$
      – SamGibson
      31 mins ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I see. Thank you SO much for the help, this has been extremely helpful. Many, many thanks!
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      30 mins ago













    3












    3








    3





    $begingroup$

    Look at the top of R20 - that is labeled V and is the supply rail. (V is also connected to 9VDC which is the power input - see the DC connector and battery, towards the top left of the schematic.)



    Therefore, as commented by jonk, the node at the junction of equal resistors R20 and R21 must be half of V hence 1/2V means exactly that.



    Also, looking carefully, the arrow symbols labeled 1/2V are slightly smaller than the arrows which are the ground symbol. On the full schematic you can compare their size and see the difference - but otherwise, that choice of arrow by the designer could easily be confusing! As kindly pointed out by Kevin in the comments, that smaller arrow is being used here as the symbol for a named node.






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$



    Look at the top of R20 - that is labeled V and is the supply rail. (V is also connected to 9VDC which is the power input - see the DC connector and battery, towards the top left of the schematic.)



    Therefore, as commented by jonk, the node at the junction of equal resistors R20 and R21 must be half of V hence 1/2V means exactly that.



    Also, looking carefully, the arrow symbols labeled 1/2V are slightly smaller than the arrows which are the ground symbol. On the full schematic you can compare their size and see the difference - but otherwise, that choice of arrow by the designer could easily be confusing! As kindly pointed out by Kevin in the comments, that smaller arrow is being used here as the symbol for a named node.







    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited 26 mins ago

























    answered 40 mins ago









    SamGibsonSamGibson

    11.8k41739




    11.8k41739







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Might be worth pointing out that the same arrow symbol is used to connect "9VDC". So it's a general named node symbol.
      $endgroup$
      – Kevin Reid
      39 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      Thank you for the explanation, so then does that mean that 1/2v coming off the junction between r20 and r21 would then connect to the 1/2v coming off of R2?
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      34 mins ago











    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow Yes. Those nets are tied together.
      $endgroup$
      – jonk
      31 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow - Yes, exactly that. That "half the supply voltage" is being used to bias the gate of Q1 via R2.
      $endgroup$
      – SamGibson
      31 mins ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I see. Thank you SO much for the help, this has been extremely helpful. Many, many thanks!
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      30 mins ago












    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Might be worth pointing out that the same arrow symbol is used to connect "9VDC". So it's a general named node symbol.
      $endgroup$
      – Kevin Reid
      39 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      Thank you for the explanation, so then does that mean that 1/2v coming off the junction between r20 and r21 would then connect to the 1/2v coming off of R2?
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      34 mins ago











    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow Yes. Those nets are tied together.
      $endgroup$
      – jonk
      31 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      @greyBow - Yes, exactly that. That "half the supply voltage" is being used to bias the gate of Q1 via R2.
      $endgroup$
      – SamGibson
      31 mins ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I see. Thank you SO much for the help, this has been extremely helpful. Many, many thanks!
      $endgroup$
      – greyBow
      30 mins ago







    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    Might be worth pointing out that the same arrow symbol is used to connect "9VDC". So it's a general named node symbol.
    $endgroup$
    – Kevin Reid
    39 mins ago




    $begingroup$
    Might be worth pointing out that the same arrow symbol is used to connect "9VDC". So it's a general named node symbol.
    $endgroup$
    – Kevin Reid
    39 mins ago












    $begingroup$
    Thank you for the explanation, so then does that mean that 1/2v coming off the junction between r20 and r21 would then connect to the 1/2v coming off of R2?
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    34 mins ago





    $begingroup$
    Thank you for the explanation, so then does that mean that 1/2v coming off the junction between r20 and r21 would then connect to the 1/2v coming off of R2?
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    34 mins ago













    $begingroup$
    @greyBow Yes. Those nets are tied together.
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    31 mins ago




    $begingroup$
    @greyBow Yes. Those nets are tied together.
    $endgroup$
    – jonk
    31 mins ago












    $begingroup$
    @greyBow - Yes, exactly that. That "half the supply voltage" is being used to bias the gate of Q1 via R2.
    $endgroup$
    – SamGibson
    31 mins ago




    $begingroup$
    @greyBow - Yes, exactly that. That "half the supply voltage" is being used to bias the gate of Q1 via R2.
    $endgroup$
    – SamGibson
    31 mins ago




    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    I see. Thank you SO much for the help, this has been extremely helpful. Many, many thanks!
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    30 mins ago




    $begingroup$
    I see. Thank you SO much for the help, this has been extremely helpful. Many, many thanks!
    $endgroup$
    – greyBow
    30 mins ago













    3












    $begingroup$

    The down arrow below R2 in the original schematic is not a Ground symbol - it indicates "this point is connected to something that-a-way" - it connects to an upward-pointing arrow in the power supply section below. That point will be at half the 9 V power supply voltage due to R20 and R21. It provides an appropriate bias voltage for Q1.



    Drawing a line to show the connection would make much more sense.



    Edit: as @kevin pointed out, that narrow arrow symbol is used as a general named signal marker - all such arrows with the same name will be connected together.






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$

















      3












      $begingroup$

      The down arrow below R2 in the original schematic is not a Ground symbol - it indicates "this point is connected to something that-a-way" - it connects to an upward-pointing arrow in the power supply section below. That point will be at half the 9 V power supply voltage due to R20 and R21. It provides an appropriate bias voltage for Q1.



      Drawing a line to show the connection would make much more sense.



      Edit: as @kevin pointed out, that narrow arrow symbol is used as a general named signal marker - all such arrows with the same name will be connected together.






      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$















        3












        3








        3





        $begingroup$

        The down arrow below R2 in the original schematic is not a Ground symbol - it indicates "this point is connected to something that-a-way" - it connects to an upward-pointing arrow in the power supply section below. That point will be at half the 9 V power supply voltage due to R20 and R21. It provides an appropriate bias voltage for Q1.



        Drawing a line to show the connection would make much more sense.



        Edit: as @kevin pointed out, that narrow arrow symbol is used as a general named signal marker - all such arrows with the same name will be connected together.






        share|improve this answer











        $endgroup$



        The down arrow below R2 in the original schematic is not a Ground symbol - it indicates "this point is connected to something that-a-way" - it connects to an upward-pointing arrow in the power supply section below. That point will be at half the 9 V power supply voltage due to R20 and R21. It provides an appropriate bias voltage for Q1.



        Drawing a line to show the connection would make much more sense.



        Edit: as @kevin pointed out, that narrow arrow symbol is used as a general named signal marker - all such arrows with the same name will be connected together.







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        edited 24 mins ago

























        answered 36 mins ago









        Peter BennettPeter Bennett

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