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Why can I not put the limit inside the limit definition of e?

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Why can I not put the limit inside the limit definition of e?


Proof that the solution to cosx = x, is the limit of a recursive sequence.Move derivative inside limit.Showing a limit does not exist using Cauchy's $epsilon, delta $ limit definitionUniformly continuous function which is integrable but does not have a limitWhy is the limit not $ln(x)$?Limit definition of integrationComputing limit using definition of eThe Limit Comparison Test V1What do I miss on this function? $f(t) = (t-1)^s/2-t^s/2+1$Determining if the limit exists of the sequence













1












$begingroup$


We know $e:= lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n$



We also know $x^n$ is continuous. Why is there a contradiction in the following ?



$e=lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n=(lim_nto infty(1+frac1n))^n=1$



Is it because $x^n$ isn't really a continuous function, because the $n$ is not fixed but rather something like infinity ?










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor



abcd is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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$endgroup$







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Because $n$ isn't a fixed number, so it's presence outside of the limit is meaningless
    $endgroup$
    – MPW
    5 hours ago










  • $begingroup$
    We say $1^infty$ is an indeterminete form. Look that up in your calculus textbook.
    $endgroup$
    – GEdgar
    5 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Note that once you put "the limit inside the limit definition" as shown, the exponent $n$ is no longer in the scope of taking a limit as $ntoinfty$. As such, the meaning of $n$ the exponent is no longer tied to the $n$ that is in the innermost parentheses. Both need to be taken to the limit together to have the original meaning.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    3 hours ago















1












$begingroup$


We know $e:= lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n$



We also know $x^n$ is continuous. Why is there a contradiction in the following ?



$e=lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n=(lim_nto infty(1+frac1n))^n=1$



Is it because $x^n$ isn't really a continuous function, because the $n$ is not fixed but rather something like infinity ?










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor



abcd is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$







  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Because $n$ isn't a fixed number, so it's presence outside of the limit is meaningless
    $endgroup$
    – MPW
    5 hours ago










  • $begingroup$
    We say $1^infty$ is an indeterminete form. Look that up in your calculus textbook.
    $endgroup$
    – GEdgar
    5 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Note that once you put "the limit inside the limit definition" as shown, the exponent $n$ is no longer in the scope of taking a limit as $ntoinfty$. As such, the meaning of $n$ the exponent is no longer tied to the $n$ that is in the innermost parentheses. Both need to be taken to the limit together to have the original meaning.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    3 hours ago













1












1








1





$begingroup$


We know $e:= lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n$



We also know $x^n$ is continuous. Why is there a contradiction in the following ?



$e=lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n=(lim_nto infty(1+frac1n))^n=1$



Is it because $x^n$ isn't really a continuous function, because the $n$ is not fixed but rather something like infinity ?










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor



abcd is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$




We know $e:= lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n$



We also know $x^n$ is continuous. Why is there a contradiction in the following ?



$e=lim_nto infty(1+frac1n)^n=(lim_nto infty(1+frac1n))^n=1$



Is it because $x^n$ isn't really a continuous function, because the $n$ is not fixed but rather something like infinity ?







real-analysis calculus






share|cite|improve this question









New contributor



abcd is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor



abcd is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.








share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited 5 hours ago









Bernard

126k743120




126k743120






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asked 5 hours ago









abcdabcd

61




61




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  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Because $n$ isn't a fixed number, so it's presence outside of the limit is meaningless
    $endgroup$
    – MPW
    5 hours ago










  • $begingroup$
    We say $1^infty$ is an indeterminete form. Look that up in your calculus textbook.
    $endgroup$
    – GEdgar
    5 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Note that once you put "the limit inside the limit definition" as shown, the exponent $n$ is no longer in the scope of taking a limit as $ntoinfty$. As such, the meaning of $n$ the exponent is no longer tied to the $n$ that is in the innermost parentheses. Both need to be taken to the limit together to have the original meaning.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    3 hours ago












  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Because $n$ isn't a fixed number, so it's presence outside of the limit is meaningless
    $endgroup$
    – MPW
    5 hours ago










  • $begingroup$
    We say $1^infty$ is an indeterminete form. Look that up in your calculus textbook.
    $endgroup$
    – GEdgar
    5 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Note that once you put "the limit inside the limit definition" as shown, the exponent $n$ is no longer in the scope of taking a limit as $ntoinfty$. As such, the meaning of $n$ the exponent is no longer tied to the $n$ that is in the innermost parentheses. Both need to be taken to the limit together to have the original meaning.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    3 hours ago







2




2




$begingroup$
Because $n$ isn't a fixed number, so it's presence outside of the limit is meaningless
$endgroup$
– MPW
5 hours ago




$begingroup$
Because $n$ isn't a fixed number, so it's presence outside of the limit is meaningless
$endgroup$
– MPW
5 hours ago












$begingroup$
We say $1^infty$ is an indeterminete form. Look that up in your calculus textbook.
$endgroup$
– GEdgar
5 hours ago




$begingroup$
We say $1^infty$ is an indeterminete form. Look that up in your calculus textbook.
$endgroup$
– GEdgar
5 hours ago




1




1




$begingroup$
Note that once you put "the limit inside the limit definition" as shown, the exponent $n$ is no longer in the scope of taking a limit as $ntoinfty$. As such, the meaning of $n$ the exponent is no longer tied to the $n$ that is in the innermost parentheses. Both need to be taken to the limit together to have the original meaning.
$endgroup$
– hardmath
3 hours ago




$begingroup$
Note that once you put "the limit inside the limit definition" as shown, the exponent $n$ is no longer in the scope of taking a limit as $ntoinfty$. As such, the meaning of $n$ the exponent is no longer tied to the $n$ that is in the innermost parentheses. Both need to be taken to the limit together to have the original meaning.
$endgroup$
– hardmath
3 hours ago










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















4












$begingroup$

You can't move a limit that depends on $n$ "inside" the function if the outside function depends on $n$. For example, it is clearly true that



$$lim_n to infty 2^n= infty .$$



However, if you move the limit "inside," you get



$$lim_n to infty 2^n= (lim_n to infty 2)^n=2^n$$



which does not make much sense, since you do not know what $n$ is... $n$ was supposed to go to infinity. However, since you "got rid of" the limit, $n$ has no meaning anymore.



In other words, whenever you are calculating limits, $n$ should disappear at the same step as the words $lim_n to infty$. If these two things don't go away at the same time, most likely it is a sign that you did something wrong.



I hope that helps!






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Well explained. The limit operation and the variable bound to it go together.
    $endgroup$
    – Paramanand Singh
    1 hour ago


















1












$begingroup$

The actual problem is you can't write $(lim_ntoinftyf(n))^n$, or anything else that uses $n$ outside the limit, because it's a dummy variable that exists only inside the limit. The role of $infty$ is irrelevant; you also can't, for the same reason, jump from $lim_xto 2(x+x)=4$ to writing $(lim_xto 2x)+x$.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$




















    0












    $begingroup$

    Because the exponent is variable depending. In this case you get $1^infty$ which is indeterminate, or means merely that this limit can be anything.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













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      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes








      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      4












      $begingroup$

      You can't move a limit that depends on $n$ "inside" the function if the outside function depends on $n$. For example, it is clearly true that



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= infty .$$



      However, if you move the limit "inside," you get



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= (lim_n to infty 2)^n=2^n$$



      which does not make much sense, since you do not know what $n$ is... $n$ was supposed to go to infinity. However, since you "got rid of" the limit, $n$ has no meaning anymore.



      In other words, whenever you are calculating limits, $n$ should disappear at the same step as the words $lim_n to infty$. If these two things don't go away at the same time, most likely it is a sign that you did something wrong.



      I hope that helps!






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$












      • $begingroup$
        Well explained. The limit operation and the variable bound to it go together.
        $endgroup$
        – Paramanand Singh
        1 hour ago















      4












      $begingroup$

      You can't move a limit that depends on $n$ "inside" the function if the outside function depends on $n$. For example, it is clearly true that



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= infty .$$



      However, if you move the limit "inside," you get



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= (lim_n to infty 2)^n=2^n$$



      which does not make much sense, since you do not know what $n$ is... $n$ was supposed to go to infinity. However, since you "got rid of" the limit, $n$ has no meaning anymore.



      In other words, whenever you are calculating limits, $n$ should disappear at the same step as the words $lim_n to infty$. If these two things don't go away at the same time, most likely it is a sign that you did something wrong.



      I hope that helps!






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$












      • $begingroup$
        Well explained. The limit operation and the variable bound to it go together.
        $endgroup$
        – Paramanand Singh
        1 hour ago













      4












      4








      4





      $begingroup$

      You can't move a limit that depends on $n$ "inside" the function if the outside function depends on $n$. For example, it is clearly true that



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= infty .$$



      However, if you move the limit "inside," you get



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= (lim_n to infty 2)^n=2^n$$



      which does not make much sense, since you do not know what $n$ is... $n$ was supposed to go to infinity. However, since you "got rid of" the limit, $n$ has no meaning anymore.



      In other words, whenever you are calculating limits, $n$ should disappear at the same step as the words $lim_n to infty$. If these two things don't go away at the same time, most likely it is a sign that you did something wrong.



      I hope that helps!






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$



      You can't move a limit that depends on $n$ "inside" the function if the outside function depends on $n$. For example, it is clearly true that



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= infty .$$



      However, if you move the limit "inside," you get



      $$lim_n to infty 2^n= (lim_n to infty 2)^n=2^n$$



      which does not make much sense, since you do not know what $n$ is... $n$ was supposed to go to infinity. However, since you "got rid of" the limit, $n$ has no meaning anymore.



      In other words, whenever you are calculating limits, $n$ should disappear at the same step as the words $lim_n to infty$. If these two things don't go away at the same time, most likely it is a sign that you did something wrong.



      I hope that helps!







      share|cite|improve this answer












      share|cite|improve this answer



      share|cite|improve this answer










      answered 5 hours ago









      PawelPawel

      3,3241022




      3,3241022











      • $begingroup$
        Well explained. The limit operation and the variable bound to it go together.
        $endgroup$
        – Paramanand Singh
        1 hour ago
















      • $begingroup$
        Well explained. The limit operation and the variable bound to it go together.
        $endgroup$
        – Paramanand Singh
        1 hour ago















      $begingroup$
      Well explained. The limit operation and the variable bound to it go together.
      $endgroup$
      – Paramanand Singh
      1 hour ago




      $begingroup$
      Well explained. The limit operation and the variable bound to it go together.
      $endgroup$
      – Paramanand Singh
      1 hour ago











      1












      $begingroup$

      The actual problem is you can't write $(lim_ntoinftyf(n))^n$, or anything else that uses $n$ outside the limit, because it's a dummy variable that exists only inside the limit. The role of $infty$ is irrelevant; you also can't, for the same reason, jump from $lim_xto 2(x+x)=4$ to writing $(lim_xto 2x)+x$.






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$

















        1












        $begingroup$

        The actual problem is you can't write $(lim_ntoinftyf(n))^n$, or anything else that uses $n$ outside the limit, because it's a dummy variable that exists only inside the limit. The role of $infty$ is irrelevant; you also can't, for the same reason, jump from $lim_xto 2(x+x)=4$ to writing $(lim_xto 2x)+x$.






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$















          1












          1








          1





          $begingroup$

          The actual problem is you can't write $(lim_ntoinftyf(n))^n$, or anything else that uses $n$ outside the limit, because it's a dummy variable that exists only inside the limit. The role of $infty$ is irrelevant; you also can't, for the same reason, jump from $lim_xto 2(x+x)=4$ to writing $(lim_xto 2x)+x$.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$



          The actual problem is you can't write $(lim_ntoinftyf(n))^n$, or anything else that uses $n$ outside the limit, because it's a dummy variable that exists only inside the limit. The role of $infty$ is irrelevant; you also can't, for the same reason, jump from $lim_xto 2(x+x)=4$ to writing $(lim_xto 2x)+x$.







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered 5 hours ago









          J.G.J.G.

          37.6k23656




          37.6k23656





















              0












              $begingroup$

              Because the exponent is variable depending. In this case you get $1^infty$ which is indeterminate, or means merely that this limit can be anything.






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$

















                0












                $begingroup$

                Because the exponent is variable depending. In this case you get $1^infty$ which is indeterminate, or means merely that this limit can be anything.






                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$















                  0












                  0








                  0





                  $begingroup$

                  Because the exponent is variable depending. In this case you get $1^infty$ which is indeterminate, or means merely that this limit can be anything.






                  share|cite|improve this answer









                  $endgroup$



                  Because the exponent is variable depending. In this case you get $1^infty$ which is indeterminate, or means merely that this limit can be anything.







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered 5 hours ago









                  HAMIDINE SOUMAREHAMIDINE SOUMARE

                  4,2661625




                  4,2661625




















                      abcd is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









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                      abcd is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.














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