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bitsordenadorestipu de datossistema binariuSistema Internacional de Pesos y Medíes










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Un byte ye una secuencia de 8 bits. Emplégase comu unidá d'almacenamientu nos ordenadores, cualisquier que seya'l tipu de datos de la información que se tea guardando nellos.


El númberu de valores estremaos que se pueden guardar nun byte puede calculase faciendo usu del sistema binariu. Cada bit d'un byte puede asemeyase a un díxitu binariu, que val 0 ó 1; nel sistema binariu, con 8 díxitos pueden representase los númberos del 0 (00000000) al 255 (11111111). Poro, nun byte pueden representase 256 valores.


Puede decise que'l byte ye la unidá básica d'almacenamientu d'usu práuticu; el bit ye una unidá más pequeña, pero en xeneral les máquines nun manexen bits sueltos, sinon bytes como mínimo. Otres unidaes más grandes costrúyense, de cutio, comu múltiplos del byte.


Cinca eses unidaes, hai dalgunos problemas d'ambigüedá. De cutio, por razones téuniques, los informáticos empleguen múltiplos de potencies de 2. La unidá siguiente al byte suele ser el kilobyte, que equivaldría a 1.024 bytes (2&sup10; 10). La siguiente sería el megabyte (220 bytes). Y el gigabyte seríen 230 bytes. Ansina, vamos multiplicando por 1.024.


Por embargu, el Sistema Internacional de Pesos y Medíes define los prefixos kilo, mega, giga, etc. comu potencies de 10 (multiplicando en cada casu por 1.000, non por 1.024). Nesi sistema, pa facer referencia a los múltiplos en potencies de dos habría que usar los prefixos kibi-, mebi-, gibi-... y non kilo-, mega-, giga-...


Na práutica, ta muy poco estendíu l'emplegu de los prefixos binarios del Sistema Internacional, polo que al falar de kilo- o megabyte hai ambigüedá y pue tracamundiase'l significáu real de lo que se diz.









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