Etydhv

In Avengers: Infinity War

T'Challa got dusted, and Shuri is MIA.

Who is the ruler of Wakanda after the snap?

At this point, Unknown

In my opinion, the best answer I found would be on Reddit. Click here where the article (as well as the comments) describe the line of succession in Wakanda. In one of the comments by user [rogthnor]

Basically everyone of royal blood is allowed to nominate themselves for kingship when the old one [king] dies.

Typically, in lets say the Royal Family.. If the Queen should die, her son would take over. If he had a son or daughter, they would take over and if not, the role would most likely go to the Queens other children. Correct me if I am wrong, if the Queen's other children cannot take on the role, the (first in line's) cousin I believe would take over.

To answer your question, in my opinion, anyone of royal blood who would be willing to take the position, or anyone in general who fought for the position would technically be the new ruler.

Unclear

The Avenge the Fallen poster for Shuri for Avengers: Endgame was that of a snapped victim and she shows up in the missing screen at the Avengers HQ in the film, as such it seems she was snapped. Even if Angela Bassett the actress who plays the Queen Mother previously stated she thought her and Shuri survived.

_{Click image to enlarge.}

So that would rule out Shuri and it's unclear if the Queen Mother would take control if she survived. However, the leader, whilst generally a formality as it is passed down from the royal bloodline, can be challenged by the other tribes. And the leader also takes on the power of the Black Panther and whilst the Heart Shaped fruits are destroyed it might remain as is tradition.

As such a strong fighter would take the role. I believe M'Baku as a strong fighter, leader and also friend of T'Challa's after Black Panther would probably be the one to take on the role. If not him then we also have Nakia but whilst she is a strong fighter she isn't really much of a leader and more of a spy so may pass on the opportunity.

There is the possibility of Okoye taking leadership but she is the general of the Dora Milaje and the head of Wakanda's armed forces and intel. She's not of royal blood to the throne or any of the tribes per my understanding so wouldn't traditionally be in a position to try and take the throne. She does seem like a traditionalist so probably wouldn't challenge for it in my opinion.

However, of note is that there is apparently going to be a Black Panther 2 and with T'Challa back this could play a role in the film with him once again struggling for power. We will have to wait and see.